pypi xgboost 1.5.0
Release 1.5.0 stable
on Python PyPI

latest releases: 2.1.0, 2.1.0rc1, 2.0.3...
2 years ago

This release comes with many exciting new features and optimizations, along with some bug
fixes. We will describe the experimental categorical data support and the external memory
interface independently. Package-specific new features will be listed in respective
sections.

Development on categorical data support

In version 1.3, XGBoost introduced an experimental feature for handling categorical data
natively, without one-hot encoding. XGBoost can fit categorical splits in decision
trees. (Currently, the generated splits will be of form x \in {v}, where the input is
compared to a single category value. A future version of XGBoost will generate splits that
compare the input against a list of multiple category values.)

Most of the other features, including prediction, SHAP value computation, feature
importance, and model plotting were revised to natively handle categorical splits. Also,
all Python interfaces including native interface with and without quantized DMatrix,
scikit-learn interface, and Dask interface now accept categorical data with a wide range
of data structures support including numpy/cupy array and cuDF/pandas/modin dataframe. In
practice, the following are required for enabling categorical data support during
training:

  • Use Python package.
  • Use gpu_hist to train the model.
  • Use JSON model file format for saving the model.

Once the model is trained, it can be used with most of the features that are available on
the Python package. For a quick introduction, see
https://xgboost.readthedocs.io/en/latest/tutorials/categorical.html

Related PRs: (#7011, #7001, #7042, #7041, #7047, #7043, #7036, #7054, #7053, #7065, #7213, #7228, #7220, #7221, #7231, #7306)

  • Next steps

    • Revise the CPU training algorithm to handle categorical data natively and generate categorical splits
    • Extend the CPU and GPU algorithms to generate categorical splits of form x \in S
      where the input is compared with multiple category values. split. (#7081)

External memory

This release features a brand-new interface and implementation for external memory (also
known as out-of-core training). (#6901, #7064, #7088, #7089, #7087, #7092, #7070,
#7216). The new implementation leverages the data iterator interface, which is currently
used to create DeviceQuantileDMatrix. For a quick introduction, see
https://xgboost.readthedocs.io/en/latest/tutorials/external_memory.html#data-iterator
. During the development of this new interface, lz4 compression is removed. (#7076).
Please note that external memory support is still experimental and not ready for
production use yet. All future development will focus on this new interface and users are
advised to migrate. (You are using the old interface if you are using a URL suffix to use
external memory.)

New features in Python package

  • Support numpy array interface and all numeric types from numpy in DMatrix
    construction and inplace_predict (#6998, #7003). Now XGBoost no longer makes data
    copy when input is numpy array view.
  • The early stopping callback in Python has a new min_delta parameter to control the
    stopping behavior (#7137)
  • Python package now supports calculating feature scores for the linear model, which is
    also available on R package. (#7048)
  • Python interface now supports configuring constraints using feature names instead of
    feature indices.
  • Typehint support for more Python code including scikit-learn interface and rabit
    module. (#6799, #7240)
  • Add tutorial for XGBoost-Ray (#6884)

New features in R package

  • In 1.4 we have a new prediction function in the C API which is used by the Python
    package. This release revises the R package to use the new prediction function as well.
    A new parameter iteration_range for the predict function is available, which can be
    used for specifying the range of trees for running prediction. (#6819, #7126)
  • R package now supports the nthread parameter in DMatrix construction. (#7127)

New features in JVM packages

  • Support GPU dataframe and DeviceQuantileDMatrix (#7195). Constructing DMatrix
    with GPU data structures and the interface for quantized DMatrix were first
    introduced in the Python package and are now available in the xgboost4j package.
  • JVM packages now support saving and getting early stopping attributes. (#7095) Here is a
    quick example in JAVA (#7252).

General new features

  • We now have a pre-built binary package for R on Windows with GPU support. (#7185)
  • CUDA compute capability 86 is now part of the default CMake build configuration with
    newly added support for CUDA 11.4. (#7131, #7182, #7254)
  • XGBoost can be compiled using system CUB provided by CUDA 11.x installation. (#7232)

Optimizations

The performance for both hist and gpu_hist has been significantly improved in 1.5
with the following optimizations:

  • GPU multi-class model training now supports prediction cache. (#6860)
  • GPU histogram building is sped up and the overall training time is 2-3 times faster on
    large datasets (#7180, #7198). In addition, we removed the parameter deterministic_histogram and now
    the GPU algorithm is always deterministic.
  • CPU hist has an optimized procedure for data sampling (#6922)
  • More performance optimization in regression and binary classification objectives on
    CPU (#7206)
  • Tree model dump is now performed in parallel (#7040)

Breaking changes

  • n_gpus was deprecated in 1.0 release and is now removed.
  • Feature grouping in CPU hist tree method is removed, which was disabled long
    ago. (#7018)
  • C API for Quantile DMatrix is changed to be consistent with the new external memory
    implementation. (#7082)

Notable general bug fixes

  • XGBoost no long changes global CUDA device ordinal when gpu_id is specified (#6891,
    #6987)
  • Fix gamma negative likelihood evaluation metric. (#7275)
  • Fix integer value of verbose_eal for xgboost.cv function in Python. (#7291)
  • Remove extra sync in CPU hist for dense data, which can lead to incorrect tree node
    statistics. (#7120, #7128)
  • Fix a bug in GPU hist when data size is larger than UINT32_MAX with missing
    values. (#7026)
  • Fix a thread safety issue in prediction with the softmax objective. (#7104)
  • Fix a thread safety issue in CPU SHAP value computation. (#7050) Please note that all
    prediction functions in Python are thread-safe.
  • Fix model slicing. (#7149, #7078)
  • Workaround a bug in old GCC which can lead to segfault during construction of
    DMatrix. (#7161)
  • Fix histogram truncation in GPU hist, which can lead to slightly-off results. (#7181)
  • Fix loading GPU linear model pickle files on CPU-only machine. (#7154)
  • Check input value is duplicated when CPU quantile queue is full (#7091)
  • Fix parameter loading with training continuation. (#7121)
  • Fix CMake interface for exposing C library by specifying dependencies. (#7099)
  • Callback and early stopping are explicitly disabled for the scikit-learn interface
    random forest estimator. (#7236)
  • Fix compilation error on x86 (32-bit machine) (#6964)
  • Fix CPU memory usage with extremely sparse datasets (#7255)
  • Fix a bug in GPU multi-class AUC implementation with weighted data (#7300)

Python package

Other than the items mentioned in the previous sections, there are some Python-specific
improvements.

  • Change development release postfix to dev (#6988)
  • Fix early stopping behavior with MAPE metric (#7061)
  • Fixed incorrect feature mismatch error message (#6949)
  • Add predictor to skl constructor. (#7000, #7159)
  • Re-enable feature validation in predict proba. (#7177)
  • scikit learn interface regression estimator now can pass the scikit-learn estimator
    check and is fully compatible with scikit-learn utilities. __sklearn_is_fitted__ is
    implemented as part of the changes (#7130, #7230)
  • Conform the latest pylint. (#7071, #7241)
  • Support latest panda range index in DMatrix construction. (#7074)
  • Fix DMatrix construction from pandas series. (#7243)
  • Fix typo and grammatical mistake in error message (#7134)
  • [dask] disable work stealing explicitly for training tasks (#6794)
  • [dask] Set dataframe index in predict. (#6944)
  • [dask] Fix prediction on df with latest dask. (#6969)
  • [dask] Fix dask predict on DaskDMatrix with iteration_range. (#7005)
  • [dask] Disallow importing non-dask estimators from xgboost.dask (#7133)

R package

Improvements other than new features on R package:

  • Optimization for updating R handles in-place (#6903)
  • Removed the magrittr dependency. (#6855, #6906, #6928)
  • The R package now hides all C++ symbols to avoid conflicts. (#7245)
  • Other maintenance including code cleanups, document updates. (#6863, #6915, #6930, #6966, #6967)

JVM packages

Improvements other than new features on JVM packages:

  • Constructors with implicit missing value are deprecated due to confusing behaviors. (#7225)
  • Reduce scala-compiler, scalatest dependency scopes (#6730)
  • Making the Java library loader emit helpful error messages on missing dependencies. (#6926)
  • JVM packages now use the Python tracker in XGBoost instead of dmlc. The one in XGBoost
    is shared between JVM packages and Python Dask and enjoys better maintenance (#7132)
  • Fix "key not found: train" error (#6842)
  • Fix model loading from stream (#7067)

General document improvements

Maintenance

  • Some refactoring around CPU hist, which lead to better performance but are listed under general maintenance tasks:

    • Extract evaluate splits from CPU hist. (#7079)
    • Merge lossgude and depthwise strategies for CPU hist (#7007)
    • Simplify sparse and dense CPU hist kernels (#7029)
    • Extract histogram builder from CPU Hist. (#7152)

  • Others

    • Fix gpu_id with custom objective. (#7015)
    • Fix typos in AUC. (#6795)
    • Use constexpr in dh::CopyIf. (#6828)
    • Update dmlc-core. (#6862)
    • Bump version to 1.5.0 snapshot in master. (#6875)
    • Relax shotgun test. (#6900)
    • Guard against index error in prediction. (#6982)
    • Hide symbols in CI build + hide symbols for C and CUDA (#6798)
    • Persist data in dask test. (#7077)
    • Fix typo in arguments of PartitionBuilder::Init (#7113)
    • Fix typo in src/common/hist.cc BuildHistKernel (#7116)
    • Use upstream URI in distributed quantile tests. (#7129)
    • Include cpack (#7160)
    • Remove synchronization in monitor. (#7164)
    • Remove unused code. (#7175)
    • Fix building on CUDA 11.0. (#7187)
    • Better error message for ncclUnhandledCudaError. (#7190)
    • Add noexcept to JSON objects. (#7205)
    • Improve wording for warning (#7248)
    • Fix typo in release script. [skip ci] (#7238)
    • Relax shotgun test. (#6918)
    • Relax test for decision stump in distributed environment. (#6919)
    • [dask] speed up tests (#7020)

CI

  • [CI] Rotate access keys for uploading MacOS artifacts from Travis CI (#7253)
  • Reduce Travis environment setup time. (#6912)
  • Restore R cache on github action. (#6985)
  • [CI] Remove stray build artifact to avoid error in artifact packaging (#6994)
  • [CI] Move appveyor tests to action (#6986)
  • Remove appveyor badge. [skip ci] (#7035)
  • [CI] Configure RAPIDS, dask, modin (#7033)
  • Test on s390x. (#7038)
  • [CI] Upgrade to CMake 3.14 (#7060)
  • [CI] Update R cache. (#7102)
  • [CI] Pin libomp to 11.1.0 (#7107)
  • [CI] Upgrade build image to CentOS 7 + GCC 8; require CUDA 10.1 and later (#7141)
  • [dask] Work around segfault in prediction. (#7112)
  • [dask] Remove the workaround for segfault. (#7146)
  • [CI] Fix hanging Python setup in Windows CI (#7186)
  • [CI] Clean up in beginning of each task in Win CI (#7189)
  • Fix travis. (#7237)

Acknowledgement

Artifacts

You can verify the downloaded packages by running this on your unix shell: 

echo "<hash> <artifact>" | shasum -a 256 --check
2c63e8abd3e89795ac9371688daa31109a9514eebd9db06956ba5aa41d0c0e20  xgboost_r_gpu_linux_1.5.0.tar.gz
8b19f817dcb6b601b0abffa9cf943ee92c3e9a00f56fa3f4fcdfe98cd3777c04  xgboost_r_gpu_win64_1.5.0.tar.gz
25ee3adb9925d0529575c0f00a55ba42202a1cdb5fdd3fb6484b4088571326a5  xgboost.tar.gz
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